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{{short description|Diagram of restriction sites within a DNA sequence}}
{{Other uses|Restriction (disambiguation)}}
{{cleanup|reason=Sounds too much like a lab report.|date=October 2016}}

A '''restriction map''' is a map of known [[restriction sites]] within a sequence of [[DNA]]. [[Restriction site|Restriction sites]] are sites on DNA where [[restriction enzyme]]s, can cleave the DNA at or near the site. In [[molecular biology]], restriction maps are used as a reference to engineer [[plasmid]]s or other relatively short pieces of DNA, and sometimes for longer genomic DNA.

==Method==
{{Unreferenced section|date=May 2023}}

There are several valid approaches to construct a restriction map of a DNA sequence. One approach is to sequence the whole molecule and to run the sequence through a computer program that will find the recognition sites that are present for every restriction enzyme known. However, restriction maps are traditionally determined by [[gel electrophoresis]].<ref>{{Citation |last=Shen |first=Chang-Hui |title=Chapter 10 - Characterization of Nucleic Acids and Proteins |date=2019-01-01 |work=Diagnostic Molecular Biology |pages=249–276 |editor-last=Shen |editor-first=Chang-Hui |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780128028230000109 |access-date=2025-07-18 |publisher=Academic Press |isbn=978-0-12-802823-0}}</ref> There are other ways of mapping features on DNA for longer length DNA molecules, such as mapping by [[Transduction (genetics)|transduction]].<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Bitner |first1=R |last2=Kuempel |first2=Peter |date=February 1982 |title=P1 Transduction Mapping of the trg Locus in rac+ and rac Strains of Escherichia coli K-12 |url=http://jb.asm.org/content/149/2/529.full.pdf |journal=Journal of Bacteriology |volume=149 |issue=2 |pages=529–533 |doi=10.1128/JB.149.2.529-533.1982 |pmc=216538 |pmid=6276359 |doi-access=free}}</ref>

== History ==
Before sequencing was automated, it was prohibitively expensive to [[DNA sequencing|sequence]] an entire DNA strand. To find the relative positions of restriction sites on a [[plasmid]], a technique involving single and double restriction digests is used. Based on the sizes of the resultant DNA fragments the positions of the sites can be inferred. Restriction mapping is a very useful technique when used for determining the orientation of an insert in a cloning vector, by mapping the position of an off-center restriction site in the insert.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Dale |first1=J |url=https://archive.org/details/fromgenestogenom00jere |title=From Genes to Genomes |last2=von Schantz |first2=M |last3=Greenspan |first3=D |date=2003 |publisher=John Wiley & Sons Ltd. |location=West Sussex |url-access=registration}}</ref>

== See also ==
* [[Vector NTI]], bioinformatics software used among other things to predict restriction sites on a DNA vector
* [[RFLP]], method used to differentiate exceedingly similar genomes, among other things

==References==
{{reflist}}

[[Category:Genetics]]
[[Category:Molecular biology]]

Restriction map - История изменений

Admin: 1 версия импортирована

ru>PeriodicEditor в 08:11, 28 октября 2025